Creating a field, cutting fluid is bedding face of a kind of quantity is wide use up a gender to assist material. It is removing lubricant, refrigeration in production process on one hand, clean, antirust wait for a variety of beneficial effect, quality is machined in improvement, improve treatment efficiency, reduce cutting tool loss, facilitate eliminate to cut bits to wait for side effect to be being shown; On the other hand, it waits for the harm with be formed certain to environment of labor sanitation, safe production, zoology again. Come nearly 10 years, on one hand, international oil price rises, make the direct cost of cutting fluid rises; On the other hand, the labor safeguard of each country and rule of law of environmental protection are strict with each passing day; The enterprise needs to raise labor insurance expenditure and cost of waste liquid processing, the overhead costs that causes use cutting fluid increases, cutting fluid faces the society that grows increasingly and economic pressure. 3 courses that solve problem of environment of cutting fluid zoology are fluid of cutting of complete slam the door firstly, use technology of dry type cutting, include the air cooling cutting, cutting that blow oxygen, liquid nitrogen cutting to wait among them; It is to use technology of cutting of half dry type secondly, basically point to minim cutting fluid processing technique. It is to transform traditional cutting fluid thirdly, its negative effect lowers the minorrest rate, make make an environment friendly, can be accepted by the code of environment of protective organisms' habits. Each other of these 3 courses is complement, each have its actor defect and applied range. 1, cutting of dry type of dry type cutting does not use cutting liquid in machining a process, can avoid the negative effect of cutting fluid thoroughly, also forgoed the profit that cutting fluid can bring at the same time. The main problem that dry type cutting faces is to cut bits to form the lubricity in the process to differ, bring about a knife - bits, knife - the attrition on labour interface is acuteness, specific power consumption is big, calorific much, add cooling not do one's best, consequently fast, workpiece heats up cutting tool loss be out of shape etc; Another nots allow evasive problem is machine tool and technology unit is rustily and between the short-term working procedure of workpiece antirust problem. With dry type (include air cooling, liquid nitrogen) after cutting, the antirust processing that needs to increase machine tool and workpiece normally and later clean processing, mix in high temperature, damp area especially seasonal. Its were to reduced cutting fluid to increase antirust fluid, clear lotion however as a result; From look on the whole, do not achieve the goal that reduces environmental negative charge effectively sometimes. In addition, treatment process is rinsed mediumly, the problem that discharges the respect such as bits also needs special processing. The development of dry type cutting relies on the progress of technology of cutting tool material, workpiece material, machine tool and cutting technology. From the point of current technical progress condition, dry type cutting still can be only in domain of one fraction treatment application, have bigger limitation. 2, cutting of half dry type does type cutting to basically point to minim cutting fluid partly processing technique, it is a kind of technology those who go up is eclectic, can withhold partly already wet the advantage of cutting, can reduce its again negative effect, had obtained better applied result in domain of a few treatment, it is current one of research heat of green processing technique, have wide applied perspective; But also existing problem of oily mist pollution and the trouble that add up to lubricant refrigeration to be not worth and so on in certain treatment field. 3, the environment is friendly the double pressure that fluid of cutting of cutting fluid tradition is wanted the environmental protection code with stricter and stricter sue for peace by harsher and harsher treatment, undertake reform and innovating imperative. Want to continue to improve the treatment performance of cutting fluid not only, more development of research of should active with a view to and the environment that promotion applies low poison, low pollution are friendly model cutting fluid, target of its distant view is the green cutting fluid that develops avirulent, free from contamination (Green Cutting Fluid) . Current research is very active, allow to weigh and the path is far. The environment is friendly cutting fluid is environment of prospective development trend friendly cutting fluid (EnvironmentallyFriendly Cutting Fluid) shows contented performance characteristics and zoology environment effect are double the cutting fluid of the requirement. The zoology environment effect that indicates here includes: The noxiousness of cutting fluid and its dissipation and deserted child (Toxicity) with zoology noxiousness (Eco-toxicity) and biology accumulates a gender (Bioaccumulation) , biology but degradation sex (Biodegradability) , resource but second birth sex (Resource Renew-ability) etc. In a word, friendly cutting fluid can satisfy the environment already the use requirement that cutting machines, cutting fluid itself and its dissipation and content of deserted child opposite and zoology environment do not form a harm again, or zoology environment place is on certain level concessional, resource can be used circularly or easy second birth. How limitting cutting fluid is the environment is friendly, had not united a view at present. A few developed countries had built environmental mark organization in succession, friendly to the environment product undertakes marking. Be like Europe " zoology indicates " , boreal Europe Shikoku (Norwegian, Finnish, Sweden, Icelandic) " white swan " , of Germany " blue angel " , of France " NF environment indicates " , of the United States " green labels " etc. The product should obtain these marks to must satisfy relevant zoology effect index. Nextpage our country also has begun cutting fluid the research of relevant environment standard works. National quality was supervised 2010 examine scientific research of industry of sex of commonweal of quarantine total bureau is special " standard of technology of workmanship of clean and efficient foundation studies " start. In this project support falls, by in machine productivity stimulative center, Jinan Kulunteke the unit such as academy of mechanical science of limited company, Guangzhou developed skill " metallic cutting fluid is poisonous and harmful the gender evaluates guideline " research, referred 2012 " poisonous and harmful sex evaluates metallic cutting fluid " application of national level project approving, of the same age will win approval in December (national level plans number: 20121362-T-469) . The working group processes a business by the metal (user) , research organization and manufacturing company comprise cutting fluid jointly, the technology puts in buccal unit 's charge to make a technology standardize technical committee for countrywide green, predict to finish time December 2014. Come nearly 20 years, the development of friendly cutting fluid studies the environment around " without harm, low pollution, long life life, high-powered " spread out flourishingly. The development of the nitrite substitute that 80 time begin the century on considered to had gained very great success. On this foundation, around environmental protection this one theme, the development henceforth studies cutting fluid direction is OK and Baconian in the limit of is chloric, decrease bacterium of nitrogen, little breast, curb, fight a few sides such as mist, second birth. (1) be restricted chloric chloridize olefin serves as extremely pressure fight grind additive to be used at cutting fluid long-standing, very good treatment effect is mixed if really long-term use gain. But, 1984 American NTP (National Toxicology Program) with the C12 chloridize olefin that contains chloric 58~60 ％ and the C23/24 that contain chloric 40~43 ％ chloridize olefin undertook the lifelong classics mouth of He Xiaobai rat feeds become known rat feed an experiment. The research report that published 1986 affirms, the C12 chloridize olefin that contains chloric 58~60% above is right become known rat and small white rat all show positive reaction; And contain chloric 40~43 the test result inaccuracy of the C23/24 chloridize olefin of ％ is decided. Accordingly, will contain chloric the classification of C12 chloridize olefin of 60 ％ is doubtful carcinogenic substance. The research later thinks this kind of material won't be absorbed through the skin. After this, international cancer research organization (International Agency ForResearch On Cancer) C10~C12 put under of olefin of chloridize of short cable length is entered " the corporeal B that has the sex that cause cancer possibly kind " ; In addition, if contain the waste liquid of chloric cutting fluid to be in in dimensions is burned however the low temperature in equipment is burned when be being handled however, have generation strong carcinogenic substance 2 evil flower be concerned about. Accordingly, japan is deleted from inside JIS standard at will containing chloric cutting juice 2000; The European Union contains olefin of chloridize of short cable length at was opposite 2004 the metal of 1% above machines lubricant (include cutting juice) execute control to use. The additive that contain sulfur or sulphonate additive can regard chloric department as the substitute of additive. Alone or this kind of additive is amalgamative use the result that can be achieved or exceeds chloric department additive. (2) the water that decrease nitrogen base use in great quantities in cutting fluid contain nitrification substance. Among them the alkalescent, rust-preventing characteristic that material of alkyl mellow amine is maintaining cutting fluid, anticorrosive defeat the respect such as the gender to having main effect. But, bibliographical reference thinks, because contain nitrification content to have tall hydrophily mostly, be hard to depart with water, make one of main reasons of water system pollution and eutrophication. In addition, matter of alkyl mellow amine still is existing safe and wholesome hidden trouble, of the skin stimulation of consistent alcohol amine and 2 alcohol amine inferior saltpetre amine problem. From long-term in light of, the zoology environment effect that contains nitrification content to have the obverse side reduces in cutting fluid. (3) the emulsification cutting fluid of little breast tradition contains much mineral oil (the content in former fluid is 50~80% about) . From depart among them after the oil that come out falls in the ground dispersedly environment of easy and dirty work, enclothe make on fluid face cutting fluid assumes anoxic position, bacterium of sex of oxygen of abet be disgusted with is progenitive, among them vitriolic reductive bacterium can disclose the sulfur content in cutting fluid and release smelly egg flavour, bring about putrefaction of emulsion in advance. Use liquid of small emulsification cutting (contain mineral oil 10~30% about) replace emulsification cutting fluid to be able to reduce afore-mentioned liability on certain level. Complete settlement method is to use not the cutting fluid of oiliness. For instance, convert get together ether (Polyalkylene Glycol, PAG) wait for the material that has lubricity to replace oil kind material. Will difficult dissolve may dissolve a likelihood to get synthetic emulsion at the PAG emulsification of water (Synthetic Emulsion Fluid) or synthesize small emulsion (Synthetic Micro-emulsionfluid) ; Can make up synthesis at the PAG of water with dissolve deliquescent fluid (Synthetic Solution Fluid) . Solubility PAG has the sex that go against dissolve in water, the solubility below normal temperature is big, solution is transparent; Lift along with temperature its solubility drops; Be like temperature prep above its cloud point, criterion PAG separate out, lubricating film is made in attrition interface; And ester of PAG and fatty acid, phosphoric acid kind extremely press an agent to have in coordination synergism. (4) curb bacterium breeds to restrain microbial growth, choosing the cutting fluid with the strong capability that fight bacterium is the issue that need considers above all. Add anticorrosive antiseptic to be able to solve microbial progenitive problem greatly, but have a lot of side effect, be opposite especially negative effect of the environment is very big. Accordingly, the cutting fluid that development studies to oneself has the property that fight bacterium times suffer take seriously. Bibliographical reference introduced the juice of cutting of the sex that fight bacterium of company of fluid of cutting of a few foreign countries. Its recipe principle is to avoid to use the material that can make microbial nutrition source; Make appliance has the water-solubility compound that fights microbial ability, be like: Addition of oxide of the amine ramification that addition of annulus oxygen propane forms in amine compound, annulus amino acerbity compound, hydroxyl is changed use vegetable oil, and alkyl of benzene amine, annulus alkyl amine, pyrrole kind material. (5) the influence of mist of the oil that fight mist to environment of worker health and air is a severe social problem. In treatment of high speed cutting, cutting temperature is higher, generation aerosol, can oily mist, oily vapour or cent liberate a harmful gas, make workshop air is polluted, work environment is exasperate. The occasion that uses liquid of oil radical cutting especially is more incidental these problems. Work for a long time to cause respirator official possibly to damage below oily mist environment. The heavy load that using liquid of emulsification cutting fluid, small emulsification cutting cuts the circumstance such as grinding treatment, mist shape atmosphere also can happen all round the machine tool. The action as a result of the basic material in this kind of mist and exterior activator, the respirator official mucous membrane that can stimulate handlers sometimes (nasal cavity) . It is OK on certain level to add oily mist depressor take temporary solution. Complete settlement method is implementation oily mist is complete reclaim and use integratedly. (6) after the working fluid of fluid of second birth cutting uses period of time, because the meeting is a few more the following the reason becomes waste liquid: A. Microbial excessive breed causes corrupt, smell; B.
Active ingredient content is reduced or overbalance, appear statified, separate out, precipitation, bring about performance characteristics to drop; C.
Solid grain content is overmuch, bring about cutting fluid soil, metamorphism, serious effect machines the effect. Afore-mentioned reasons may appear alone, likely also coinstantaneous. After cutting fluid becomes waste liquid, must undertake handling, make its achieve ability of industrial discharge level to discharge nature. This is traditional pattern, one-time use. This process issues those who pursue medium namely (A) mode. Those who replace afore-mentioned traditional pattern is waste liquid retexture and loop use pattern. Its want a dot to depend on: After cutting fluid becomes waste liquid, not be to handle the back row that amount to mark to put, use the processing technique such as physics, chemical, biology however, make its reinstate the internal state of working fluid, return feed flow pool to repeat afresh use. This one process can circulate for many times, can prolong the life of cutting fluid greatly. This process issues those who pursue medium namely (B) mode. Retexture of cutting fluid waste liquid and loop use a technology to agree with all sorts of large and medium-sized cutting fluid user, agree with especially centralize feed flow system. It is the significant progress direction that solves problem of environment of cutting fluid zoology. CNC Milling
CNC Machining